A Comprehensive Analysis of LoRaWAN Key Security Models and Possible Attack Solutions

Low-Power Wide-Area Network (LPWAN) is a wireless WAN technology that connects low-powered and low-bandwidth devices with low bit rates atop Long Ranges (LoRa). It characterized by improved scalability, wide area coverage, power consumption, which are beneficial to resource-constrained on the Internet of Things (IoT) for effective communication security. Security in Long-Range Networks (LoRaWAN) widely employs Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) 128-bit symmetric encryption as accepted security standard key generation secures entities. However, designing an efficient manifestation management model still challenge different designs based research objectives. To date, there no global well-accepted LoRaWAN all applications. Thus, need continually improve model. This paper, therefore, performed in-depth analysis some existing models identify challenges affecting these assess strengths weaknesses proposed solutions. The goal analysing bringing together several affect them. Several relevant studies were collected analysed; shows though few works this area, not immune attacks. Symmetry found be most used approach manage due its less computational operations. Moreover, it possible LPWAN consideration resource constrained. Again, trusted third parties also defend against attacks minimize operational complexities. We, recommend design lightweight complex sustain lifespan devices.